Building construction.



L 6L1. E. SCHUMACHEHL BUILDlNG CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED mus 20. I916.

WITNESSES ZZMW W r THlR ATTURNEY INVENTURS,

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

, more particularly 'finish thus likewise protec D UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

JOHN SCHUMACHER AND JOSEPH E. SCHUMACHER, 011 LOS ANGELES, OALIFOBllIA.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 9, 191 '7.

T 0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, Jenn SCIIUMACHER and JOSEPH E. Scnmmonnn, bothcitizens of the United States, residing at Los Anelcs, in the county ofLos Angelcs and tate of California, have jointly invented new and usefulImprovements in Building Constructions, of which the following is a.specification.

This invention relates to composite lathing and methods of applying thesame, and relates to composite lathing including both plaster-board andmetallic elements which are suitably connected together for associateduse, means being provided for aflixing or applying the same to thebuilding structure and likewise for holding the .plaster-board elementand the metallic element. together. To such composite lath plaster maybe applied in the usual manner, becoming firmly inter-engaged with themetallic lathing element and spread over the same and-the plaster-boardlathing element, and thus providing the finished plaster wall surface.In employing such a composite lathing the plaster-board element may bedirectly affixed to the building structure or may be held to thebuilding structure by the means which hold together the plaster-boardelement and the metallic element in assemblage. The peculiar methodofuse assembling these elements in accordance with the invention, and theparticular and peculiar means entering into the invention for soassembling these elements together and; for applying the lathing to thebuilding structure, renders it possible to operate in applying thelathin from a single side or surface thereo namely, the surface to whichultimately and finally the plaster is applied to produce the plasterfinish. Thus the composite lathin may be rapidly and effectivelyinstalled an finished, and such work may be done progressively b asingle 0 erator without the assistance 0 a helper,i desired. Furthermorethe composite lathing is of course of greater strength and. tends tomaintain its ormation better than in thesole useof metallic lathing, andthe building or wall thereof is by the plaster-board element renderedpractically fire-proof, sound roof and weather proof, independently oand without 'relyin upon the plaster finish which is appli to thelathing, such laster ted from fire and weather by such backing of com-'posite lath. The metallic element of the V composite lath is alsoentirely embedded within the finishing plaster or plastic body, actingas a bond or reinforcement for the same and producing greater inherentstructural strength. Likewise, the means utilized for holding inassemblage the plasterboard elcment and the metallic element and holdingthe same, if desired, to the building structure, are all embedded in theplaster or plastic element and constitute a bond or reinforcement forthe same, likewise extending through the plaster-board and, where usedto attach the composite lathing to the building structure, thus serve todirectly unite the plastic finish or surface material, together with theother elements of the lathing with the skeleton or frame of thebuilding. Such means likewise are capable of application and use, by thepeculiar and novel means and method incident to the invention, withoutdrillipg, notching or otherwise altering the structure of the buildingframe, be it of wood or metal. This results in a saving in time as wellas conserving structural strength. It will be noted that all of theparts and features of a. wall built up to include such composite lathingare fire-proof, and the same will remain intact even if combustibleportions of the building burn, so long as the skeleton or frame of thebuilding to which the lathing and walls are applied is capable ofresisting combustion.

The invention has for its objects the provision of a composite lathinand wall resultant upon the use of suc lathin and the institution ofimproved means or assembling and constructing. and applying,

such features, generally in accordance with the above statements, andotherwise, and which will be superior in point of relative simplicityand inexpensiveness of construction and formation, economy in labor,inherent structural strength and durability, resistance to the elements,insulation with respect to sound and convenience and econom inapplication and installation, and which will be enerall superior inefliciency and servioeabi ity an practicability.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists 'in thenovel and useful provision, formation, combination, association,relative arrangement, inter-relation of parts and elements and features.and

method of procedure and performance, all as hereinafter described, shownin the draw ing and finally pointed out in claims.

'11 the drawing:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fragment of a Wall. including acomposite lathing constructed and organized in accordance with theinvention, a plaster covering being applied to such lathing and beingbroken awa in part for better illustration of the l'athing, such figurelikewise showing means for uniting the lathing elements, and if desired,for mounting the same and the plaster upon the frame of the buildingwith slight modification;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the same taken upon the line zcr", Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the appended arrows;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary rear elevation of the wall structure shown inFigs. 1 and 2, lookijng in the direction of and at the region indicatedby the arrow in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side view of means for assembling together the lathingelements as d15- closed in. Figs. 1 to 13 inclusive, the same being indetached position and in the relation its parts assume or present priorto appl1- cation to the lathing elements; and

Fi 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 of a. modi ed form of construction ofthe uniting means and modified frame construction to which the lathingand Wall are applied and with which the same are connected by suchmeans.

Corresponding parts in all the figures are designated by the samereference characters.

Referring with particularity to the drawing, the improved compositelathing therein disclosed comprises a plaster-hoard element A a metallicclement B, and means or clips (.j whereby said elements are heldtogether it assemblage, in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, similar means orclips I) being disclosed in Fig. 5, in modified form, for the same.u'rpose and .i' or the further purpose of holding the lathing and theplaster surface applied to the "same to the building frame.

The lathing element B consists of what is commercially known as metallath being preferably of foraminous constru ion and consisting ofperforated sheet metal which is applied to. the plaster-board element Aso as to be bonded within and to reinforce the plaster covering orsurface E applied to the plaster-board e ement A and said metal elementB and over the same. The plasterboard element may be directly tacked ornailed or otherwise secured to the frame of the building, indicated at Fin Fig. 2, as for instance. by screws 6; whereas in Fig. 5 theplaster-board element A and the metallic clement B are shown as heldtogether by the means D which likewise secure the said elements A- and Bto the building frame a member of which is shown at (l, as of channeliron construction.

The plaster-board element may first be nailed up or otherwise put inposition upon the frame members F, and the metallic element 15 in sheetsof convenient dimensions, then attached thereto by the means C; or thetwo elements A and B may be assembled at the factory or prior toinstallation of either element, the elements A and B united by the means(I being jointly installed as by nailing to the building framework. Ineither case suitable holes 7 are punched or drilled at proper intervalsthrough the plaster-board element A, each to receive one of the means C,which is preferably formed of a single length 8 of pliable metallic wireformed centrally into an elongated body loop 8 and one end portion ofwhich is angled as at 8" and 8 to produce a terminal portion at 8 to liein a plane spaced from that of the body loop and approximately paralleltherewith. The other end portion is brought into engagement with thefirst mentioned end portion at the bond 8* therein and prior to useranges angularly from the plane of the body loop 8" in a directionopposite to that in which the first named end portion is bent, producinga terminal portion 8 which may be depressed or returned substantiallyinto the plane of the body loop 8 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. Inapplying each such means (3, the terminal portion 8 is entered thioughthe hole or opening 7 and brought to bear in its extension upon therearward surface of the element A being first passed through one of theopenings in the metallic clement B, to bring the body loop 8 to beardown upon such clement ll. lhe terminal portion 8 is then depressed andbrought to bear upon the element l5 ranging in a direction the oppositefrom that assumed by the body loop 8, so that such terminal portion 8and such body loop assume an end-to-end relation, extending materiallyover the element B and binding the same firmly against the element A.The said body loop and terminal portion 8 may besubjccted to pres sureby pliers or any suitable implement, to increase the force of the grip,whereby the elements A and B are jointly embraced be-v tween theclamping jaws 8* and 8 on the one hand and the clamping jaw 8 on theother hand.

in the form of construction shown in-Fig.

5 the means D in each instance is construct-- ed In accordance with theoonstructlon and formation of the means C in the other figures, with themodification that the length of material of the wire body 8 between thebends 8" and 8 is increased so that a beam such as G may be engaged bythe terminal portion 8 in hooked engagement; In assembling the parts andelements and applying the composite lathing to the frame of thebuilding, includin the beam G, the termi nal portion 8 is rst insertedthrough the respective hole or opening 7, after having been passed.through the mesh of the element B with the terminal portion 8 rangingparallel with the beam G. \Vhen such terminal portion has been broughtto the rear extremity of such beam G, the entire device D is given aone-quarter turn, bringing such terminal portion 3? into hookedengagement with the beam G, whereupon the terminal portion 8 is broughtto bear upon the element B in the same manner as in the other figuresthe lathing elements be ing firmly bound together and jointly appliedand held to the frame of the building. In Fig. 5 one of the means I) isshown in process of insertion in a position for engage ment with a beamG. This is shown in the upper portion of such figure In the lowerportion of such figure the means I) is shown as in engagement with thebeam and as brought into final clamping position Of its parts to holdthe elements together and to the beam. It is to be understood thatfurther means C may, and preferably are, provi cd to hold the elements Aand '8 together at points falling between the zones of the latbing wherethe same are held to the beam (l.

The plaster or plastic covering It is spread or massed completely warthe element l: and the 'Face of the element A behind such element l3, asshown in part in Figs. 1 and 5, the element B being firmly embeddedwithin the plastic element l5 and reinforcing and, bonding the same,adding to the inherent strength of the plastic covering, and likewiseintimately uniting and binding such plastic covering with and lo theelelllllil and resullantly to the Frame ol' the building. 7

it will be apparent that ihc wall so construck-d, namely, including thetwo elements A and ll, and ihu plastic covering applied to the same, isof high superiority Willi rer speet to inherent structural strength,resist ance to the elements, and as a sound insulating structure; andthat it may readily be assembled as to its various parts and installedin position with a minimum of labor and economy of time, all operationsbeing performed at and from one face or side of such wall and thevarious parts thereof as it is formed.

W'hen such advantages and elements of superiority are considered, theextreme inexpensiveness of the composition lathing and wall resultantupon its use becomes apparent.

It is manifest that many variations and modifications and substitutionsmay be made with respect to the showing of the drawing and thedisclosure of the foregoing description and statement, in adapting thesame to varying conditions of use and kinds of service, withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus disclosed our invention, we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent:

In fastening means for securing lath and plaster board, a clip havinginitially widely angled parts, one of which is adapted to be passedthrough plaster board and metal lath and into engagement with onethereof, and the other of which parts is adapted to be brought to bearupon the other of said plaster board and metal lath after suchintroduction; said clip being provided with a body portion from whichsuch parts range and which likewise is adapted to bear upon one of saidelements; said clip being formed of a single length of pliable wireformed into a loop to constitute said body part, and providing at itsends said other parts.

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN SCllUhlAUlllGlt. JOSEPH E. SCHUMACHER. \Vi tnesscs liar noun lvnsBnanesnnn, WILLIS S. Mrrcnnnn.

